| Henri Cartan | |
|---|---|
| Born | July 8, 1904 Nancy, France |
| Died | August 13, 2008 (aged 104) Paris, France |
| Nationality | France |
| Fields | Mathematics |
| Institutions | University of Paris |
| Alma mater | École Normale Supérieure |
| Doctoral advisor | Paul Montel |
| Doctoral students | Jean-Paul Benzécri Jean-Paul Brasselet Pierre Cartier Jacques Deny Adrien Douady Roger Godement Max Karoubi Jean-Louis Koszul Jean-Pierre Serre René Thom |
| Known for | Cartan's theorems A and B |
| Notable awards | Wolf Prize (1980) |
Henri Paul Cartan (July 8, 1904 – August 13, 2008)[1] was a French mathematician with substantial contributions in algebraic topology. He was the son of the French mathematician Élie Cartan.[2]
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Cartan studied at the Lycée Hoche in Versailles, then at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, receiving his doctorate in mathematics. He taught at the University of Strasbourg from November 1931 until the outbreak of the Second World War, after which he held academic positions at a number of other French universities, spending the bulk of his working life in Paris.
Cartan is known for work in algebraic topology, in particular on cohomology operations, the method of "killing homotopy groups", and group cohomology. His seminar in Paris in the years after 1945 covered ground on several complex variables, sheaf theory, spectral sequences and homological algebra, in a way that deeply influenced Jean-Pierre Serre, Armand Borel, Alexander Grothendieck and Frank Adams, amongst others of the leading lights of the younger generation. The number of his official students was small, but includes Adrien Douady, Roger Godement, Max Karoubi, Jean-Louis Koszul, Jean-Pierre Serre and René Thom.
Cartan also was a founding member of the Bourbaki group and one of its most active participants. His book with Samuel Eilenberg Homological Algebra (1956)[3] was an important text, treating the subject with a moderate level of abstraction and category theory.
Cartan used his influence to help obtain the release of some dissident mathematicians, including Leonid Plyushch and Jose Luis Massera. For his humanitarian efforts he received the Pagels Award from the New York Academy of Sciences.[4]
The Cartan model in algebra is named after Cartan.
Cartan died on 13 August 2008 at the age of 104. His funeral took place the following Wednesday on 20 August in Die, Drome.[2]
Cartan received numerous honours and awards including the Wolf Prize in 1980. From 1974 until his death he had been a member of the French Academy of Sciences. He was a foreign member of the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters, Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, Royal Society of London, Russian Academy of Sciences, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, United States National Academy of Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences and other academies and societies.